{"id":460614,"date":"2024-03-27T04:26:31","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T03:26:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/?post_type=idea&#038;p=460614"},"modified":"2025-09-17T09:17:13","modified_gmt":"2025-09-17T08:17:13","slug":"java-best-practices","status":"publish","type":"idea","link":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/idea\/2024\/03\/java-best-practices\/","title":{"rendered":"Java \u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u4f1a\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u589e\u5927\u60a8\u6210\u529f\u7684\u51e0\u7387\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u5206\u4eab\u4e00\u4e9b Java \u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5fc5\u77e5\u63d0\u793a\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u5efa\u8bae\u4ee5\u53ca Java \u548c\u9879\u76ee\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u89c4<\/h2>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7262\u8bb0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6709\u5173\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e72\u51c0\u597d\u8fc7\u806a\u660e<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u70ab\u8000\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u5e72\u51c0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u8ba9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u53c2\u4e0e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u53d7\u76ca\u3002 \u590d\u6742\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8363\u8a89\u5956\u7ae0\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u624d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8003\u8651\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u806a\u660e\u7684\uff1a\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/3Iunmb-I7GkBx119gey_37G_ik3T2PLeqLREXtgFcLNpgpHB_uyC9BgIN85kqbRYfrHDEJamv0rAVKINP-cgNg1So6TTiPWsIvS5RyAswNvhMkZY2y_Fj0tK0vQeNHhCqXXyDsLlhTdFLYOEr8K_rL0-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4ea4\u6362\u53d8\u91cf `a` \u548c `b` \u503c\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u867d\u7136\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e4d\u4e00\u770b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5e72\u51c0\u7684\uff1a\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ir3XdLdpAXqzvWGxEv6-9yZcHy39BvtsIV0YpkBPfKU3kpP9oEBqtZlsaPml3gw4csQILE4GYuKYppYfKptJMzXB-0FJsNLv1tMou-lcsud8o_K9kpb01GjqnZBLXCFLsi4iplTj31N28wHB-EX-bEk-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u867d\u7136\u989d\u5916\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u76f4\u89c2\u6027\u4f7f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u80fd\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4fdd\u6301\u7b80\u77ed<\/h3>\n<p>\u786e\u4fdd\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7c7b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u592a\u957f\u3002 \u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u786e\u5207\u884c\u6570\u6216\u5355\u8bcd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u91cd\u70b9\u7a81\u51fa\u4e14\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u4ee3\u7801\u91cf\u4e3a 10 \u5230 20 \u884c\u5de6\u53f3\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u957f\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u6210\u66f4\u5c0f\u3001\u66f4\u6613\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u7ec3\u4e60\u8bc6\u522b\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u8fc7\u957f\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=eqkqDn21OMI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u770b\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5bfc Emily Bache \u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u7cbe\u5f69\u89c6\u9891<\/a>\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>IntelliJ IDEA \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u91cd\u6784\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u6446\u8131\u957f\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7c7b\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u63d0\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5c06\u957f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u66f4\u77ed\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u547d\u540d\u5f88\u96be\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u591a\u52a0\u7559\u610f<\/h3>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u76f4\u89c2\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u6548\u6c9f\u901a\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u907f\u514d\u5355\u5b57\u6bcd\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\u53cd\u6620\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u57df\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u548c\u6c9f\u901a\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a calculateTotalPrice() \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u5373\u4f20\u8fbe\u5176\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u50cf calculate() \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u540d\u79f0\u5219\u4f7f\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u591f\u660e\u786e\u3002 \u540c\u6837\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a customerEmailAddress \u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6e05\u695a\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u800c cea \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7f29\u5199\u53ef\u80fd\u6307\u4ee3\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u56f0\u60d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u5173\u5355\u4f4d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u547d\u540d\u53d8\u91cf\u8d85\u65f6\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528 timeoutInMs \u6216 timeoutInMilliseconds \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5355\u4f4d\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u00a0<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u6309\u9884\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e76\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53ca\u65e9\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u4fee\u6b63\u66f4\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3001\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u3002 \u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6307\u5bfc\u60a8\u4ee3\u7801\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c0f\u540e\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u7834\u574f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u51e0\u7387\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u540d\u79f0\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a AlertWhenEmailIsMissing()checks \u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7f3a\u5931\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u65f6\u53d1\u51fa\u8b66\u62a5\uff0c\u60a8\u65e0\u9700\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb <a href=\"https:\/\/maritvandijk.com\/use-testing-to-develop-better-software-faster\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marit van Dijk \u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u535a\u6587<\/a>\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u5173\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63d0\u793a\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 Java \u7f16\u5199\u65f6\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u60a8\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528 switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4ee3\u66ff\u8fc7\u591a\u7684 If \u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u3001\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\u53ca\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u4e3e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8fc7\u591a <\/strong><strong>else-if<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217 else\u2013if \u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\u53e3\u5473\u4e0e\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002 \u968f\u7740\u53e3\u5473\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0cif \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u96be\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u96be\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/O42bfLsz8V-xOKeumhwXKG84Kvy_PJfJNyn_V8g4l3ZN7xAphISTqTpbc23amF4FOHE_ENnu2ogasrPBSWJS_DYgPMLDUQsS0SF4k7hl7VqfArgixZL5DW2Mns_6iHRBKTxkZ_7V4dk87mVF7RwG8gg-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5207\u6362<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u591a\u4e2a if-else \u6761\u4ef6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u5728\u5c06\u5355\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u591a\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u65f6\uff0cswitch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u66f4\u7d27\u51d1\u3001\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u4e14\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>IntelliJ IDEA \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51e0\u79d2\u949f\u5185\u5c06 if \u8bed\u53e5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a switch \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/mUrqN3V_bwvcaHeZD-Cs3UNLpr9ea9br-OCsRcVE5OSxH00wjEsJotORFeWOKnMJH5yAC7hDFokZKGxDQdXEDX7AyPBTzdAHUyKUJmLeRjh76FuAzZrr7ZBnLrKzH60o0I0Fam3xsBE8VeNGQOmHpg8-1.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Java \u6280\u672f\u5e03\u9053\u5e08 Mala Gupta <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/idea\/2024\/01\/evolution-of-the-switch-construct-in-java-why-should-you-care\/\">\u6700\u8fd1\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u535a\u6587<\/a>\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684 switch \u7528\u6cd5\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u907f\u514d\u7a7a catch \u5757<\/h3>\n<p>Java \u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a catch \u5757\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684 catch \u5b50\u53e5\u3002 \u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u5757\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u4e00\u6837\u3002 \u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u95ee\u9898\u96be\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7a7a <\/strong><strong>catch<\/strong><strong> \u5757<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u4f46\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u4efb\u4f55\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/TYmE_ZGuBswQM8uELHewS3uETGX5X5oKnzmCpXSfaTTcQT6rGSRuEHXMfefmvCOPy-2ztGf-X7UYGgg8T_j6McP4TlbhGODH3YQ-he1vLls07TTCdIPz7CgR-u5o9sAOwxk8v8ANLM9i5-lxA0J8M2g-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>IntelliJ IDEA \u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793a\u6b64\u7c7b\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ytBSpIZYX4TPJdxB0uThGuMdvZ3K8rqCkY1_DRmGLwTvNcnARAdroSvojByJrXA1UhGdgxWCqPiA1kB6kiJ204TJqJ0zktt-HxB-l_Rue_O_RfSJhuEZRLmoVywYFh1skLf-GK_xQvJeoKnpotMjhZw-1.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e00\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u501f\u52a9 e.printStackTrace() \u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5806\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6253\u5370\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/myXLeXZGaTNzVrpj4IYDPdJvJ6PsoZIs8QGymwDOafZpp0IPnPS-5QzVKfkEcask9cpihqN2YkW2Zs17h6DB2I4sJzKpdKz7buvG6ANIC9Wi_ph7Br6bfVqnm4zjsLZTg-3rzedEU6o8f9_IPAv5su0-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0ccatch \u5757\u5c06\u8bc6\u522b IOException\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u6253\u5370\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u4ee5\u4f9b\u540e\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/jN6h0J1bfXeaWoAqdNDyVJmFZvXkqbH4PSCD5BefpNZbeVahEkhvjN1UDj1444hvqV8Ly31rsNYpnujkuBIEznnCHBQuqNI3k2M8tsmhXxiaSfMyn1ngbpryfVB7GbYWkQJtuOL-MD8k-Xgw08xZQn8-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u66ff\u4ee3\u503c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u7a7a catch \u5757\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f02\u5e38\u4f46\u8fd4\u56de\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u503c\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/dbAWL1ZOLxfyOV-eQqkILKgvCGKX1P0ocwmLzJg6NBdlYpxmODP-svgsRt15ra__wGigDKoPRekSu4ie3dZr11n9-42C1UE1PYIUhGtysexNTnwelFiXE6afiiiRnppm5V0HcSDUkoXTDRqW7-lzkPE-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9009\u62e9\u96c6\u5408\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u867d\u7136 Java \u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u9ad8\u6548\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4e0d\u592a\u9002\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Java \u4e2d\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 ArrayList \u6216 HashSet\u3002 ArrayList \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u5927\u5c0f\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9e\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u66f4\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e0e\u6cdb\u578b\u642d\u914d\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u7ec4<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a String \u6570\u7ec4\u3002 \u7531\u4e8e Java \u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5927\u5c0f\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u6dfb\u52a0\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\u5e76\u590d\u5236\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/PAeQzfw-tXDRj-Maer1DkTXlfgPe3iBlrlYgCd7yGAKLYgtMDDc4FG1zRea8VHP8RZQyzX2dR1uu04UrIrTfxNKyBUr8S18bd94pA9QI01Wxx5IelfgfDCP8T2Ipr9071TlxjsM8g3_UAzbzVRczI7s-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u96c6\u5408<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5148\u524d\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u540d\u4e3a ArrayList \u7684\u96c6\u5408\u7c7b\u3002 \u50cf ArrayList \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u589e\u957f\u548c\u6536\u7f29\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002 \u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 .add()\u3001.remove()\u3001.contains()\u3001.size() \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/cSPL0AYbF1BkspUa5unzGol2oR0yToIOq74-61dkzXM50lsP0amzlikMRefVmMYv6xYqEKr0nP2lM8I9mdwly2SjBAL2780Yem4FFyZcs9FplHonrxDNAu_K2DFZk_I9AEngA08ZR_73KYt7sJ2-r7w-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u62e5\u62b1\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u6307\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u72b6\u6001\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002 \u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u79fb\u9664\u4e0e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u53ef\u53d8\u72b6\u6001\u66f4\u6539\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u7f16\u5199\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002 \u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u610f\u5916\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u884c\u4e3a\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5e76\u7b80\u5316\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002 \u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 final \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6027\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u65e0 <\/strong><strong>final<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Car \u7c7b\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u5176\u54c1\u724c\u548c\u578b\u53f7\u3002 \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u66f4\u6539\u6c7d\u8f66\u578b\u53f7\u5e76\u518d\u6b21\u6253\u5370\u3002 \u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u663e\u793a Car \u7c7b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u53ef\u53d8\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/xYr8bZtYQhJkFhE_G1F_uaJvN2-DJzdw5yari28i4YaMrbut4NbpqU3UwE7tdur2GsUa-5juGyZnaYmy9RgjLNonR81E4Iusfr8TvqwdfFl9MMqYpbnbbbPNjsmA2uitLCdMRQt5V3ZD90veQdi0As-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6709 <\/strong><strong>final<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u6c7d\u8f66\u578b\u53f7\u6216\u54c1\u724c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709 setter \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 Car \u7c7b\u4e3a final\u3002 \u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u663e\u793a Car \u7c7b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pckS5OwMP5QiuXq7f3Rn7Di6h2OYuZdYga8-w9zl7B1GdKNP6E8e7bk6y9jpJ1RoXPKGJpLmQ7lSRp3cJtmpcTuG5UT3RK7b-JMkgEO15gjHI_k3Qu3J6PWQVN_uoWoXmgrN3lBx13Es8_vw51hAZcU-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u590d\u5408\u5148\u4e8e\u7ee7\u627f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u5408\uff08\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff09\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ee7\u627f\uff08\u4ece\u8d85\u7c7b\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u7c7b\uff09\u3002 \u590d\u5408\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u5e76\u4e14\u66f4\u6613\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7ee7\u627f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cGamingComputer \u7ee7\u627f\u81ea BasicComputer\u3002 \u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c BasicComputer \u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7834\u574f GamingComputer\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0cGamingComputer \u88ab\u9501\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd BasicComputer\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5176\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-448583\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image6-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"530\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u590d\u5408\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cComputer \u7c7b\u7531 Memory \u548c Processor \u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5145\u5f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u90fd\u72ec\u7acb\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 Memory \u6216 Processor \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u66f4\u6539\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u66f4\u6539 Computer \u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-448594\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image4-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1430\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u5982\u9700\u66f4\u591a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/idea\/2024\/01\/easy-hacks-how-to-create-inheritance-in-java\/\">\u300a\u7b80\u5355\u653b\u7565\uff1a\u5728 Java \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7ee7\u627f\u300b<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528 lambda \u7b80\u5316\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n<p>Java \u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 lambda \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u5bcc\u6709\u8868\u73b0\u529b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u533f\u540d\u7c7b\u7684\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u65e0 lambda<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u533f\u540d\u5185\u90e8\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0 Comparator \u63a5\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002 \u5b83\u4f53\u79ef\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/t1KRobaEFNj4DeQDGxu3BdYq7A1aCGW-Rhep9fMMhEnwwLTs2FHyya6Q7xu7brzARuMIN0_sEC60tWRAa72KyeJmuxXmJgI0bcR_soCx815RD6Ae34cxm1hrytt3BfuSipKa74k-ZDllr-uV4dX-O4-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6709 lambda<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u4e0a\u9762\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 lambda \u51fd\u6570\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u533f\u540d\u7c7b\u3002 \u8fd9\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u51d1\u76f4\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/UBzRQ3Ff7P5gSIxxeODOPckuIrHH4sUR2p6yX5z-Ifh8WbOjD4PmfoXUCxMLcSbE4eUmzK9gdoOkqSUbnveMWUkif6Vsb55y1ivlXnuRJkOhDN3NyIQce_C76iJesU2xYaKqZXxGANSv5dsJM4OhmXo-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528\u589e\u5f3a\u7684 for \u5faa\u73af\u6216\u6d41<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf for \u5faa\u73af\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cJava \u4e2d\u7684\u589e\u5f3a for \u5faa\u73af\uff08for-each \u5faa\u73af\uff09\u548c\u6d41\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u53ef\u8bfb\u548c\u66f4\u7d27\u51d1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8fed\u4ee3\u96c6\u5408\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7ecf\u5178 <\/strong><strong>for<\/strong><strong> \u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 for \u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u3002 \u5b83\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5143\u7d20\u7d22\u5f15\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u505c\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6 \u2013 \u8fd9\u90fd\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/WI-GIKvCK4d-oRi0PzDBY6Qp6jBLQH1N5mXRtyXwFnkbRE8tq216avDEwZpu5SMTX9WoMw3Hwegig5QGMvToF8kKA2iWhmEi6D7maJye8zcyjJL6IVDO7QRP3pcDUsJDL1Uzwh4bz_cMcN5SSe8_4qg-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u589e\u5f3a\u7684 <\/strong><strong>for<\/strong><strong> \u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6b64\u5faa\u73af (forEach) \u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u5bf9\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u51cf\u5c0f\u4e86\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u51e0\u7387\u3002 \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9 IntelliJ IDEA \u4e2d\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u6765\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/sWUaYw6oRg5VMJkWylh1Mxnutj6HY8kGlmtxZbl2n_IH3DWqUvSBOzRoNrmTqO_lQswN36X5GrmRz-TNRvajN0S1DvsEozVYIAFBSa6ZeAqAkrYf-p0jdiqqorvrXAhS3XH5p9hSPCAdoPDlw_8KUwM-1.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6d41<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6d41\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u589e\u5f3a\u7684 for \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7b5b\u9009\u548c\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/nxMdkTQc2mF7juvmfX8RbOE8ETRYnLHzXYNvnhhLwYa2gTDRUlPrAacHfi4AD60AGREF6zaFsvvaBnOkkBTesnpeiK_T3UNXWcYdDYgCzcOfcubUnTV-LKsSnAe_LT2Bu6VA1zPovSuFO7EV4XcVn5Q-1.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528 try-with-resources \u8bed\u53e5\u4fdd\u62a4\u8d44\u6e90<\/h3>\n<p>try-with-resources \u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u6b63\u786e\u5173\u95ed\u3002 \u4e0d\u5173\u95ed try \u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u624b\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90 FileInputStream\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/x49U3KI5p86ZQbUPY6JpfZC1jYIjKP4Z3uBP07jV_U4YLmAQtjsrdVWnJPXfKP3OpHRHc87qTvfzjaKl6WEEiFmrmHKzwLweYHNYFfCNWXfWyPEQbaUlF5KWlkhGkA-KR4ZFOVgQV4Lky_CQIsKzEUw-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528 <\/strong>try<strong>-with-resources \u8bed\u53e5<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u6539\u8fdb\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728 try \u5757\u5185\u58f0\u660e FileInputStream \u610f\u5473\u7740 Java \u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u79bb\u5f00\u8fd8\u662f\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/HbGUZq71hznydgsQuT2yatcXPy0OtMnYY5-cY5Ca4Kf1qU8223aAEgWMI27nZtEGR-OyOhYSedugGDZnKXFojGsdhDDVFGxaQGxEZeOVNVGxXVoQD_qUjO75wE_bNW82mUoF6v0bNPvDhaklx7NEFe0-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7406\u6e05\u6df1\u5ea6\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u6700\u521d\u5f88\u96be\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u662f\u7f16\u7801\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u9664\u53bb\u3002 \u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5927\u91cf\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5197\u4f59\u5d4c\u5957\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6709\u591a\u5947\u602a\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/iaeo30p4MAEfEjJ0h6rgNuINiqQ3JqxuSciRhPXOCePdyzBBjHm0OI1l6fFBFGKEL6M_rTvhQMfI_BJyxeuylemzgFNL0byHe1OAYIBDcvaP2THPEyTTenpuMjMTwNYKE197mQA7qKA6iuZGIpxXAIg-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u91cd\u6784\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b50\u53e5\u201d\u6280\u672f\u6765\u6d88\u9664\u5d4c\u5957\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff0c \u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u67d0\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\u5feb\u901f\u9000\u51fa\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4fdd\u6301\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/E2o0prXGO0Fn1eqD8iXlAY6OZ2F5dcACV9mBESHTZ3AViQe7rVCGXPYsfV9wVNYKN8uOEcDgJ7MkpQ1Nx-eeVVhPirARWfK1K1gIkm88EtcXQviXTTYsezLYodgGGd8vHFlIbu7R5dBuI0x55Yw_C_0-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9879\u76ee\u7279\u5b9a\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u7528\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u786e\u4fdd\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u5904\u4e8e\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u00a0<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u5904\u4e8e\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u4fee\u6b63 bug\u3002 \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u987a\u5229\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u4fdd\u6301\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>IntelliJ IDEA \u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u4f7f\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u4fdd\u6301\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 <em>Preferences\/Settings | Plugins<\/em>\uff08\u504f\u597d\u8bbe\u7f6e\/\u8bbe\u7f6e | \u63d2\u4ef6\uff09\u4ece JetBrains Marketplace \u5b89\u88c5 Package Search \u63d2\u4ef6\u3002 \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5bfc\u822a\u5230 <em>Dependencies<\/em>\uff08\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff09\u5de5\u5177\u7a97\u53e3\u67e5\u770b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u73b0\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u5b83\u4eec\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684 <em>Upgrade<\/em>\uff08\u5347\u7ea7\uff09\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/v7a_sygKJBUH46YdX72jda6_U82VCtfZ_kAV9_dVvAX96OypLlreOEV72rxX-rcqaItPN_ym94q9zL_XGTc5xGkLpLIhfXE6FQPqlln-Sii76FdyF9kgtFDY9UYnYfNUKgi94hI9TEI5fccmCMhf1VU-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u68c0\u67e5\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u548c API<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u626b\u63cf\u9879\u76ee\u67e5\u627e\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u548c API \u4e2d\u7684\u8584\u5f31\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u60a8\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3001\u9075\u5b88\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u5207\u987a\u5229\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 \u5feb\u901f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u9879\u76ee\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u6237\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u5728 IntelliJ IDEA \u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5bfc\u822a\u5230 <em>Code | Analyze Code<\/em>\uff08\u4ee3\u7801 | \u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9 <em>Show Vulnerable Dependencies<\/em>\uff08\u663e\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff09\u3002 \u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u5728 <em>Problems<\/em>\uff08\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u5de5\u5177\u7a97\u53e3\u7684 <em>Vulnerable Dependencies<\/em>\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff09\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/c629wfGRdXWE_RNuEzc3UpRmalBuLps21aQ80EXyztqzCY-Heu96WM7GUHjKoi4MclMul7V1AP2WlWAMcx5kkHpaFrxMlB_-mGhaXTtouAK7_BrAK3J4AJH89mWADU-ZJiUCm3kv_PInMnfYVj9B_ZE-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 <em>Project<\/em>\uff08\u9879\u76ee\uff09\u5de5\u5177\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u53f3\u952e\u70b9\u51fb\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 pom.xml \u6216 build.gradle\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u83dc\u5355\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9 <em>Analyze Code | Show Vulnerable Dependencies<\/em>\uff08\u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u7801 | \u663e\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff09\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u68c0\u67e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0cIntelliJ IDEA \u4e5f\u4f1a\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793a pom.xml \u6216 build.gradle \u4e2d\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/3gRj9n587wvDfr_pf1q0rB66cNqndiEZtxsmVdEnuCo0qUhhSA5NsvuXCgwAkePqOSW9_dgOUxIEIp2A4n4yKD8a79kuixHfYK1UMshpHPhav5XI0j5OfLHtDkYAivyIbMtzeBUzZfWz2sTjikEN0-s-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u00a0<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f53\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0cA \u90e8\u5206\u9700\u8981 B \u90e8\u5206\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46 B \u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u9700\u8981 A \u90e8\u5206\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u9879\u76ee\u53d8\u5f97\u6df7\u4e71\u548c\u96be\u4ee5\u5f00\u5c55\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u96be\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u7ed3\u675f\u3002 \u6700\u597d\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5185\u5bb9\u6e05\u6670\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com\/guide\/java\/tutorials\/dependency-matrix\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u77e9\u9635<\/a>\u3002 \u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u76f4\u89c2\u5448\u73b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ed3\u8bba\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p>\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u80fd\u591f\u7b80\u5316\u60a8\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u60a8\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u6e05\u6670\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>IntelliJ IDEA \u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u7bc7\u535a\u6587\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u52a8\u4fee\u6b63\u3002 \u8bd5\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u60a8\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u535a\u6587\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"about-author \">\n        <div class=\"about-author__box\">\n            <div class=\"row\">\n                <div class=\"about-author__box-img\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=200&#038;r=g\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"  class=\"avatar avatar-200 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-200 photo avatar-default\">\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"about-author__box-text\">\n                                                        <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1297,"featured_media":447116,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[4759,5088,601],"tags":[227,1851,155,743,357],"cross-post-tag":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/460614"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/idea"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1297"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=460614"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/460614\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":617433,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/460614\/revisions\/617433"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/447116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=460614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=460614"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=460614"},{"taxonomy":"cross-post-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cross-post-tag?post=460614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}