{"id":463858,"date":"2024-04-09T05:08:30","date_gmt":"2024-04-09T04:08:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/?post_type=idea&p=463858"},"modified":"2024-04-10T05:35:55","modified_gmt":"2024-04-10T04:35:55","slug":"easy-hacks-how-to-throw-java-exceptions","status":"publish","type":"idea","link":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/idea\/2024\/04\/easy-hacks-how-to-throw-java-exceptions\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b80\u5355\u653b\u7565\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u629b\u51fa Java \u5f02\u5e38"},"content":{"rendered":"

Java \u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u793a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u5e76\u6270\u4e71\u6b63\u5e38\u6307\u4ee4\u6d41\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002 \u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0cJava \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u505c\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c \u5c06\u5e26\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u7684 catch<\/code> \u5757\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u59a5\u5584\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u535a\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5f15\u53d1 Java \u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38<\/h2>\n

\u8981\u8ba9 Java \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u77e5\u9053\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5fc5\u987b\u629b\u51fa<\/em>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 \u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 throw<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8c03\u7528 Java \u865a\u62df\u673a (JVM) \u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n

throw new Exception(\"Something went wrong!\");<\/pre>\n
\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u662f\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u542b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u591a\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027\u53cd\u6620\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f02\u5e38\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5c06\u4ee5\u5806\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e30\u5bcc\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n
public void main() throws Exception {\n    runFirstMethod();\n}\n\npublic void runFirstMethod() throws Exception {\n    runSecondMethod();\n}\n\npublic void runSecondMethod() throws Exception {\n    throw new Exception(\"Something went wrong!\");\n}<\/pre>\n
main<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528 runFirstMethod<\/code>\uff0c \u540e\u8005\u53c8\u8c03\u7528 runSecondMethod<\/code>\u3002 \u65b0\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\uff0c\u6d88\u606f\u4e3a \"Something went wrong!\"<\/code>\u3002 \u8fd0\u884c\u6b64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5f02\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5806\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff1a<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n
\u629b\u51fa\u672a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u505c\u6b62\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u975e\u96f6\u9000\u51fa\u4ee3\u7801\u3002 \u8981\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5806\u6808\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528 try<\/code>\/catch<\/code> \u5757\u5c06\u5176\u5305\u56f4\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 main()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u6216 runFirstMethod()<\/code> \u4e2d\u201c\u6355\u83b7\u201d\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff1a<\/p>\n
public void main() throws Exception {\n    try {\n        runFirstMethod();\n    } catch (Exception ex) { \/\/ can catch here...\n        System.out.println(\"An error occurred: \" + ex.getMessage());\n    }\n}\n\npublic void runFirstMethod() throws Exception {\n    try {\n        runSecondMethod();\n    } catch (Exception ex) { \/\/ ...or here\n        System.out.println(\"An error occurred: \" + ex.getMessage());\n    }\n}\n\npublic void runSecondMethod() throws Exception {\n    throw new Exception(\"Something went wrong!\");\n}<\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u5f02\u5e38\u6355\u83b7\u3002 \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u5e76\u59a5\u5584\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5f02\u5e38\uff1f\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7ee7\u627f java.lang.Throwable<\/code> \u7684\u7c7b\u53ef\u88ab\u629b\u51fa\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u67e5\u770b Throwable<\/code> \u7684\u7c7b\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\uff1ajava.lang.Error<\/code> \u548c java.lang.Exception<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n
Error<\/code>\u00a0\u7c7b\u7531 JVM \u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5e94\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53 JVM \u65e0\u6cd5\u5206\u914d\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f OutOfMemoryError<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u6062\u590d\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n
Exception<\/code> \u7c7b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 try<\/code>\/catch<\/code> \u5757\u6062\u590d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4e0a\u7ea7\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7531\u4e8e\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u5f15\u53d1 IOException<\/code>\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7528\u6237\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u6216\u8981\u6c42\u518d\u6b21\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u6765\u7ed3\u675f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
Java \u5e73\u53f0\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5f02\u5e38\u90fd\u662f Exception<\/code> \u7c7b\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 IOException<\/code> \u8868\u793a I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u65ad\u6216\u5931\u8d25\u3002 FileNotFoundException<\/code> \u662f IOException<\/code> \u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u5f53\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u3002 \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea Exception<\/code> \u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u67d0\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8d85\u7c7b\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea RuntimeException<\/code>\u3002 RuntimeException<\/code> \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a API \u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u3002 IndexOutOfBoundsException<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u60a8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d85\u51fa\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u65f6\u88ab\u629b\u51fa\u3002 \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u662f NullPointerException<\/code>\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u672a\u6307\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5f15\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6216 null<\/code>\uff09\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u629b\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d7\u68c0\u4e0e\u975e\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38<\/h2>\n
\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u7c7b\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u548c\u975e\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53\u5f02\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u8d85\u7c7b\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n
\u975e\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u672a\u68c0\u67e5\u7684<\/em>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 \u7ee7\u627f Error<\/code> \u6216 RuntimeException<\/code> \u7c7b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u975e\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u6b64\u7c7b\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u7684<\/em>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u542b\u5f15\u53d1 Throwable<\/code>\u3001Exception<\/code> \u6216 Exception<\/code> \u7ee7\u627f\u8005\u7c7b\u578b\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u884c\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\u8868\u660e\u5f02\u5e38\u5fc5\u987b\u7531\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u672a\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u90fd\u6709\u540e\u7f00 throws Exception<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
public void main() throws Exception {\n    runFirstMethod();\n}\n\npublic void runFirstMethod() throws Exception {\n    runSecondMethod();\n}\n\npublic void runSecondMethod() throws Exception {\n    throw new Exception(\"Something went wrong!\");\n}<\/pre>\n
throws Exception<\/code> \u8bed\u6cd5\u901a\u77e5 Java \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4efb\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406 Exception<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 main()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u5904\u7406\u6b64\u8c03\u7528\u5806\u6808\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8981\u629b\u51fa RuntimeException<\/code>\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528 throws<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5217\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 \u5f02\u5e38\u5c06\u4e3a\u975e\u53d7\u68c0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u79fb\u9664 throws Exception<\/code> \u540e\u7f00\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002 IntelliJ IDEA \u51e0\u4e4e\u5c06\u7acb\u5373\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6761\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u672a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u60a8\u8c03\u51fa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u83dc\u5355\u65f6\uff08\u5728 macOS \u4e0a\u6309 \u2325\u23ce \u6216\u5728 Windows\/Linux \u4e0a\u6309 Alt+Enter<\/strong>\uff09\uff0cIDE \u5c06\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u6216\u5c06\u5bf9 runSecondMethod()<\/code> \u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5305\u88c5\u5728 try<\/code>\/catch<\/code> \u5757\u4e2d \u3002<\/p>\n
\"\u5411\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5f02\u5e38\"<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cjava.nio<\/code> \u7b49\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002 \u5728\u4e0b\u65b9\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0creadString<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa IOException<\/code>\uff0cIntelliJ IDEA \u518d\u6b21\u5efa\u8bae\u5411\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d (throws IOException<\/code>) \u6dfb\u52a0\u5f02\u5e38\u6216\u4f7f\u7528 try<\/code>\/catch<\/code> \u5757\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n
\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u548c throws<\/code> \u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\u6ce8\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u5173\u6f5c\u5728\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a\u5411\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u6dfb\u52a0 throws<\/code> \u5c06\u5176\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7 catch<\/code> \u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 Java \u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<\/h2>\n
Java \u5e73\u53f0\u9644\u5e26\u5927\u91cf\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u53d1\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5c1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea java.lang.Exception<\/code> \u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u4ee5\u4f9b\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0d\u68c0\u67e5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9 java.lang.RuntimeException<\/code>\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u5c06\u88ab\u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u7ee7\u627f java.lang.Exception<\/code>\u3002 \u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u540d\u4ee5\u201cException\u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4e5f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u94f6\u884c\u900f\u652f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u8d26\u6237\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u591a\u4e8e\u53ef\u7528\u4f59\u989d\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u5f02\u5e38\u4f1a\u88ab\u629b\u51fa\u3002 OverdraftException<\/code> \u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
public class OverdraftException extends Exception {\n    public OverdraftException(String message) {\n        super(message);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n
\u629b\u51fa OverdraftException<\/code> \u76f8\u5f53\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u5f02\u5e38\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a message<\/code> \u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n
throw new OverdraftException(\"Attempt to withdraw $100 with balance of $50.\");<\/pre>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u8c03\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u9644\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0cOverdraftException<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5e94\u5c5e\u6027\u4f7f\u53ef\u7528\u4f59\u989d\u548c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u63d0\u6b3e\u91d1\u989d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n
public class OverdraftException extends Exception {\n    private final BigDecimal amount;\n    private final BigDecimal balance;\n\n    public OverdraftException(BigDecimal amount, BigDecimal balance, String message) {\n        super(message);\n        this.amount = amount;\n        this.balance = balance;\n    }\n\n    public BigDecimal getAmount() {\n        return withdrawalAmount;\n    }\n\n    public BigDecimal getBalance() {\n        return balance;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n
\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u91d1\u989d\u548c\u4f59\u989d\u4f20\u9012\u5230 OverdraftException<\/code> \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002 \u8c03\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u989d\u5916\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u964d\u4f4e\u63d0\u6b3e\u91d1\u989d\uff1a<\/p>\n
try {\n    throw new OverdraftException(\n            BigDecimal.valueOf(100),\n            BigDecimal.valueOf(5),\n            \"Attempt to withdraw $100 with balance of $50.\");\n} catch (OverdraftException ex) {\n    System.out.println(ex.getMessage());\n    System.out.println(\"Would you like to withdraw another amount?\");\n    System.out.println(\"You can withdraw up to $\" + ex.accountBalance);\n    \n    \/\/ ...\n}<\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86 Java \u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002 \u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0cJava \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u7684 catch<\/code> \u5757\u3002 \u8981\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 throw<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u540e\u8ddf\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
Java \u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u548c\u975e\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 \u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u6216\u58f0\u660e\u629b\u51fa\u3002 \u975e\u53d7\u68c0\u5f02\u5e38\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f Exception<\/code> \u7c7b\u521b\u5efa\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u5173\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u8fbe\u5f02\u5e38\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u7528 IntelliJ IDEA<\/a> \u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u672c\u535a\u6587\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n    
\n        
\n            
\n                
\n                    \"\"\n                <\/div>\n                
\n                                                        <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1297,"featured_media":446228,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[4759,5088],"tags":[40,155,743],"cross-post-tag":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/463858"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/idea"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1297"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=463858"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/463858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":465124,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/463858\/revisions\/465124"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/446228"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=463858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=463858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=463858"},{"taxonomy":"cross-post-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cross-post-tag?post=463858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}