{"id":702765,"date":"2026-04-23T04:46:55","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T03:46:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/?post_type=idea&#038;p=702765"},"modified":"2026-04-23T04:47:02","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T03:47:02","slug":"how-to-avoid-common-pitfalls-with-jpa-and-kotlin","status":"publish","type":"idea","link":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/idea\/2026\/04\/how-to-avoid-common-pitfalls-with-jpa-and-kotlin\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528 JPA \u548c Kotlin \u65f6\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u8fd9\u7bc7\u535a\u6587\u7531\u6211\u4e0e <a href=\"https:\/\/thorben-janssen.com\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/thorben-janssen.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Thorben Janssen<\/a> \u5171\u540c\u64b0\u5199\uff0cThorben \u62e5\u6709 20 \u4f59\u5e74\u7684 JPA \u548c Hibernate \u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u201cHibernate Tips: More than 70 Solutions to Common Hibernate Problems\u201d\u548c JPA \u7b80\u62a5\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Kotlin \u548c Jakarta Persistence\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a JPA\uff09\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u5907\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002Kotlin \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u529f\u80fd \uff0c\u800c Jakarta Persistence \u5219\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ecf\u5b9e\u8df5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0cJakarta Persistence \u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e3a Java \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002Kotlin \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5907\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u5982 null \u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\uff09\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5de8\u5927\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u8303\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u89c4\u907f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Kotlin \u548c Jakarta Persistence \u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5c42\u3002\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8981\u5411\u5927\u5bb6\u5206\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u6d88\u606f\uff1aIntelliJ IDEA 2026.1 \u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u8bb8\u591a\u6b64\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8b66\u544a\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u68c0\u67e5\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"entity-class-design\"><strong>\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Jakarta Persistence \u9488\u5bf9\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u591a\u9879<a href=\"https:\/\/jakarta.ee\/specifications\/persistence\/3.2\/jakarta-persistence-spec-3.2#a18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u8981\u6c42<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<br \/>\n\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e0\u5b9e\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><strong><br \/><\/strong>\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5c04\u8c03\u7528\u65e0\u5b9e\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5177\u6709\u975e final \u7279\u6027<\/strong><strong><br \/><\/strong>\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u65e0\u5b9e\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u540e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6240\u6709\u7279\u6027\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6c34\u5408\u201d\u3002<br \/>\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u5bf9\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u810f\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5728\u68c0\u67e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e3a\u975e final \u7c7b<\/strong><strong><br \/><\/strong>\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4ee3\u7406\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0 @ManyToOne \u548c @OneToOne \u5173\u7cfb\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.baeldung.com\/hibernate-lazy-eager-loading\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5ef6\u8fdf\u52a0\u8f7d<\/a>\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a final \u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u8303\u8981\u6c42\u5916\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u662f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8c28\u614e\u5b9e\u73b0 <code>equals<\/code>\u3001<code>hashCode<\/code> \u548c <code>toString<\/code><br \/><\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u610f\u5916\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/thorben-janssen.com\/ultimate-guide-to-implementing-equals-and-hashcode-with-hibernate\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6b64\u5904<\/a>\u627e\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u5728 Java \u4e2d\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u9075\u5faa\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e Kotlin \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08\u5982 final \u7c7b\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff09\u5b58\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u6574 Kotlin \u7c7b\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ecd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528 Kotlin \u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f53<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kotlinlang.org\/docs\/data-classes.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kotlin \u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b<\/a>\u65e8\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c5e\u4e8e final \u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684 getter \u548c setter\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca <code>equals<\/code>\u3001<code>hashCode<\/code> \u548c <code>toString<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408 DTO\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8868\u793a\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u53d7\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7528\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">data class EmployeeWithCompany(val employeeName: String, val companyName: String)\n\nval query = entityManager.createQuery(\"\"\"\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SELECT new com.company.kotlin.model.EmployeeWithCompany(p.name, c.name)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FROM Employee e\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0JOIN e.company c\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0WHERE p.id = :id\"\"\")\n\nval employeeWithCompany = query.setParameter(\"id\", 1L).singleResult;<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f53\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u53d7\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5f53\u60a8\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f53\u5efa\u6a21\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\u4f7f\u7528\u5ef6\u8fdf\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u9884\u671f\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u9075\u5faa Jakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u5f00\u5934\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\uff09\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0b\u8868\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cKotlin \u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>Kotlin \u6570\u636e\u7c7b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Jakarta Persistence \u5b9e\u4f53<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u7c7b\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Final<\/td>\n<td>\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u7c7b\uff08\u975e final \u7c7b\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521b\u5efa\u4ee3\u7406\u5b50\u7c7b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5177\u6709\u5fc5\u9700\u5f62\u53c2\u7684\u4e3b\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/td>\n<td>\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e0\u5b9e\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f9b\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u53ef\u53d8\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\uff08val \u5c5e\u6027\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u5907\u53ef\u53d8\u3001\u975e final \u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u66f4\u6539<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>equals<\/strong><strong> \u548c <\/strong><strong>hashCode<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u5e94\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4e3b\u952e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>toString<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u5e94\u4ec5\u5f15\u7528\u5df2\u63d0\u524d\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fdb\u884c\u989d\u5916\u7684\u67e5\u8be2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7c7b\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u53d8\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7406\u53cb\u597d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0e Jakarta Persistence \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\nopen class Person {\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Id\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@GeneratedValue\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0var id: Long? = null\n\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0var name: String? = null\n}<\/pre>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u975e final \u7c7b\u548c\u65e0\u5b9e\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"#entity-class-design\">\u5982\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0<\/a>\uff0cJakarta Persistence \u8981\u6c42\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u975e final \u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e0\u5b9e\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Kotlin \u7684\u7c7b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a final \u7c7b\uff0c\u4e14\u65e0\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e0\u5b9e\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u522b\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u66f4\u6539\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u8f7b\u677e\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u6dfb\u52a0 no-arg \u548c all-open \u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u6dfb\u52a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/kotlinlang.org\/docs\/reflection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kotlin-reflect<\/a> \u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4fbf\u4f1a\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u9700\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5e26\u6ce8\u89e3\u7684\u7c7b\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63d2\u4ef6 <code>plugin.spring<\/code> \u548c <code>plugin.jpa<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0 no-arg \u548c all-open \u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 IntelliJ IDEA \u4e2d\u7684 <em>New Project<\/em>\uff08\u65b0\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\uff09\u5411\u5bfc\u6216\u901a\u8fc7 <a href=\"http:\/\/start.spring.io\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">start.spring.io<\/a> \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684 Spring \u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0cIDE \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u60a8\u914d\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\u4ece IntelliJ IDEA 2026.1 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5f53\u60a8\u5411\u73b0\u6709 Java \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 Kotlin \u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">plugins {\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0kotlin(\"plugin.spring\") version \"2.2.20\"\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0kotlin(\"plugin.jpa\") version \"2.2.20\"\n}\n\nallOpen {\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0annotation(\"jakarta.persistence.Entity\")\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0annotation(\"jakarta.persistence.MappedSuperclass\")\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0annotation(\"jakarta.persistence.Embeddable\")\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u8fd9\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u3002<code>plugin.jpa<\/code> \u770b\u4f3c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4ec5\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 no-arg \u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u914d\u7f6e all-open \u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u5373\u5c06\u53d1\u5e03\u7684 JPA \u63d2\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u5f97\u5230\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u65e0\u9700\u518d\u6dfb\u52a0 allOpen \u90e8\u5206\u3002\u53c2\u9605\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/youtrack.jetbrains.com\/issue\/KT-79389\/Add-allopen-plugin-JPA-preset-to-kotlin.plugin.jpa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KT-79389<\/a><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53ef\u53d8\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a Kotlin \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\uff0c\u60a8\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u53d8\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u5bf9\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b9e\u4f53\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c \u4f46\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><code>var<\/code> \u4e0e <code>val<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u5728 Kotlin \u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528 val \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5b57\u6bb5\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 var \u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u53d8\u5b57\u6bb5\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\uff0cval \u4f1a\u5728 Java \u4e2d\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a final \u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cJakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u975e final\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u60a8\u5728\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5efa\u6a21\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 val\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u67e5\u770b\u5404\u79cd\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 val\uff0c\u4e14\u672a\u5f15\u53d1\u4efb\u4f55 bug\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\nclass Person(name: String) {\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Id\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@GeneratedValue\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0var id: Long? = null\n\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0val name: String = name\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u7684 Jakarta Persistence \u5b9e\u73b0\uff08\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff09\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5c04\u586b\u5145\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 Kotlin \u5b9e\u73b0 Jakarta Persistence \u5b9e\u4f53\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<code>final<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/javase\/specs\/jls\/se25\/html\/jls-17.html#jls-17.5.3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5c04\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539<\/a>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539 val \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0e Kotlin \u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6027\u4fdd\u8bc1\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u5f97\uff0c\u60a8\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>val<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a\u60a8\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408 Jakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60a8\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u9884\u671f\u90a3\u6837\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6027\u3002\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/openjdk.org\/jeps\/500\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">JEP 500: Prepare to Make Final Mean Final<\/a> \u8ba8\u8bba\u5f15\u5165\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u4e14\u4eca\u540e\u5c06\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u9650\u5236\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5c04\u4fee\u6539 final \u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u4fbf\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>val<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u8bb8\u591a\u4f7f\u7528 Jakarta Persistence \u548c Kotlin \u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>val<\/code> \u65f6\u5e94\u591a\u52a0\u7559\u610f\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u56e2\u961f\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4f4d\u6210\u5458\u5747\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u6f5c\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u7248\u672c 2026.1 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c IntelliJ IDEA IDE \u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5f31\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u5f53\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982 Hibernate \u6216 EclipseLink\uff09\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0cval \u5b57\u6bb5\u5c06\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>Jakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 getter \u548c setter \u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5c04\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>@Access<\/code> \u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u663e\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6620\u5c04\u6ce8\u89e3\u7684\u653e\u7f6e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u9690\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3 \u2192 \u5b57\u6bb5\u8bbf\u95ee = \u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5c04\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u6bb5<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a getter \u65b9\u6cd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3 \u2192 \u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee = \u901a\u8fc7 getter \u6216 setter \u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570 Kotlin \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5c5e\u6027\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0cHibernate \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c06\u6b64\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\nclass Company {\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Id\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@GeneratedValue\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0var id: Long? = null\n\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0var name: String? = null\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0get() {\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0println(\"Getter called\")\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return field\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0set(value) {\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0println(\"Setter called\")\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0field = value\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 getter \u548c setter \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee name \u5c5e\u6027\uff0c \u4f46\u8fd9\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u60a8\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5c04\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u7ed5\u8fc7 getter \u548c setter \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u7528\u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e14\u5141\u8bb8\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u540e\u518d\u63d0\u4f9b getter \u548c setter \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8f85\u52a9\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>@Access(AccessType.PROPERTY)<\/code> \u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u6216\u4e3a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\u663e\u5f0f\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\nclass Company {\n   @get:Id\n   @get:GeneratedValue\n   var id: Long? = null\n\n   var name: String? = null\n       get() {\n           println(\"Getter called\")\n           return field\n       }\n       set(value) {\n           println(\"Setter called\")\n           field = value\n       }\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5f53\u60a8\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u5747\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>var<\/code>\u3002Kotlin \u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>val<\/code> \u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u63d0\u4f9b setter \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\nclass Company {\n   @get:Id\n   @get:GeneratedValue\n   var id: Long? = null\n\n   val name: String? = null \n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u4e0a\u6587\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u7684 Kotlin \u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">import jakarta.persistence.Entity;\nimport jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;\nimport jakarta.persistence.Id;\nimport kotlin.Metadata;\nimport org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;\n\n\n@Entity\n\u2026\npublic final class Company {\n  @Nullable\n  private Long id;\n  @Nullable\n  private final String name;\n\n  @Id\n  @GeneratedValue\n  @Nullable\n  public final Long getId() {\n     return this.id;\n  }\n\n  public final void setId(@Nullable Long var1) {\n     this.id = var1;\n  }\n\n  @Nullable\n  public final String getName() {\n     return this.name;\n  }\n}\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u60a8\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u6709 getter \u548c setter \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528 var \u5b9a\u4e49\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0cKotlin \u4fbf\u53ef\u8fdb\u884c\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">null \u5b89\u5168\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/h2>\n<p>null \u5b89\u5168\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f Kotlin \u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c Java \u4e2d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u5728 Jakarta Persistence \u5b9e\u4f53\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u683c\u5916\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a null \u6027\u8003\u91cf\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u5305\u542b\u4e3b\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>Kotlin \u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u6bb5\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301 <code>null<\/code> \u503c\u3002\u4f46\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53cd\u5c04\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed5\u8fc7 Kotlin \u7684 null \u9632\u8303\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5c04\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u60a8\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f53\u7279\u6027\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e3a null\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5305\u542b <code>null<\/code> \u503c\uff0c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ecd\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u4e3a <code>null<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0e Java \u4e2d\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\n@Table(name = \"user\")\nclass User(\n   @Id\n   var id: Long? = null\n\n   var name: String\n)\n\nfun testLogic(){\n   \/\/ Suppose the row with id = 1 has name = NULL in the database\n   val user = userRepository.findById(1).get()\n   println(\"Firstname: ${user.name}\") \/\/ null, because Hibernate saves null via reflection\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e0d\u50cf\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u90a3\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e3a null \u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u5e94\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5177\u6709 not-null \u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5217\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55 <code>null<\/code> \u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u68d2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c \u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u9664\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u8fc1\u79fb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ea6\u675f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528 not-null \u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7edd\u5bf9\u4fdd\u8bc1\u60a8\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6 <code>null<\/code> \u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u6709 Jakarta Persistence \u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u7684\u65e0\u5b9e\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5c04\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u53ef\u4e3a null\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5bf9\u60a8\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f \u60a8\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528 <code>val<\/code> \u8fd8\u662f <code>var<\/code> \u4e3a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u6a21\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60a8\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528 Kotlin \u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5e94\u7531\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 <code>val<\/code>\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 <code>var<\/code>\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u524d\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u52a1\u5fc5\u786e\u4fdd\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u90fd\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f3a\u5c11 not-null \u7ea6\u675f\uff0cJakarta Persistence \u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bbe\u4e3a <code>null<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">@Id \u548c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u503c<\/h3>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u5df2\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u5e94\u5f53\u53ef\u4e3a null \u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\u7279\u6027\u662f\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8981\u6c42\u4e3b\u952e\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u503c\uff0c\u4e14 Jakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\u5c06\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u60a8\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u952e\u5c31\u662f\u5fc5\u9009\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e3a\u4f55\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u5e94\u5f53\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e3a null\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u60a8\u8981\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u65b0\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5904\u7406\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0cJakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\u5e76\u672a\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c \u4f46\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e3b\u952e\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u5df2\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5747\u5c06 null \u89c6\u4e3a\u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u968f\u540e\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e8f\u5217\u6216\u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u52a0\u5217\u751f\u6210\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u5728\u5b9e\u4f53\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u4e4b\u524d\u4e3a <code>null<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5728\u8c03\u7528 persist \u6216 merge \u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0cHibernate \u5bf9\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u4e3a 0 \u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002persist \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u9884\u671f\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5df2\u8fdb\u884c\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cHibernate \u7684 merge \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60a8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u952e\u5efa\u6a21\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c 0\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 Spring Data JPA \u4fdd\u5b58\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f1a\u8bc6\u522b\u5df2\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u7528 merge \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u975e persist \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e3b\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u5f62\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c \u968f\u540e\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5c04\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u8be5\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff1aJakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\u9884\u671f\u4e3b\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u540c Jakarta Persistence \u5b9e\u73b0\u95f4\u7684\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528 <code>null<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\nclass Company {\n   @Id\n   @GeneratedValue\n   var id: Long? = null\n}<\/pre>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u58f0\u660e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/h3>\n<p>Kotlin \u5bf9\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0 <code>null<\/code> \u503c\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\nclass Company(\n   @Id @GeneratedValue \n   var id: Long? = null,\n\n   @NotNull\n   var name: String = \"John Doe\",\n\n   @Email\n   var email: String = \"default@email.com\"\n)<\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u5c06\u4e0d\u8d77\u4efb\u4f55\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">val companyFromDb = companyRepository.findById(1).get()\nprintln(companyFromDb.email) \/\/ &lt;- If email in DB is empty, it will not set to &quot;default@email.com&quot;<\/pre>\n<p>Jakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\u8981\u6c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e0\u5f62\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5c04\u5c06\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u6240\u6709\u503c\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u60a8\u9884\u671f\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u4e3a\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5f15\u53d1\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u60a8\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u5e94\u5f53\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6ce8\u89e3\u653e\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u89e3\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u60a8\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7c7b\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728 Kotlin \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5982\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5f62\u53c2\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Kotlin 2.2 \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ecf\u5e38\u5f15\u53d1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5f62\u53c2\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e Jakarta Persistence \u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<code>@NotNull<\/code>\u3001<code>@Email<\/code> \u751a\u81f3 <code>@Id<\/code> \u7b49\u6ce8\u89e3\u6700\u7ec8\u5e76\u672a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6846\u67b6\u671f\u671b\u5176\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c \u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u6548\u6216\u6620\u5c04\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u662f\uff0cKotlin 2.2 \u5df2\u5bf9\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9009\u9879\uff08IntelliJ IDEA \u5c06\u5efa\u8bae\u542f\u7528\u6b64\u9009\u9879\uff09\uff0c\u6ce8\u89e3\u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5f62\u53c2\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u65e0\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u4fbf\u53ef\u6309\u9884\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u8be6\u60c5\uff0c\u8bf7\u67e5\u9605<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/idea\/2025\/09\/improved-annotation-handling-in-kotlin-2-2-less-boilerplate-fewer-surprises\/\">\u535a\u6587<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IntelliJ IDEA \u524d\u6765\u6551\u63f4\uff01<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5e03\u7684 2026.1 \u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0cIntelliJ IDEA \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u60a8\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793a\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u65e0\u5b9e\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6216 final \u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u8bae\u542f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684 Kotlin \u63d2\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e Kotlin \u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u6d4b JPA \u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u548c val \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u901f\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6 JPA \u76f8\u5173\u66f4\u65b0\uff01<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"about-author \">\n<div class=\"about-author__box\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"about-author__box-img\">\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thorben-Janssen-400x400-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\">\n                        <\/div>\n<div class=\"about-author__box-text\">\n<h4>Thorben Janssen<\/h4>\n<div class=\"p-client_container\">\n<div class=\"p-ia4_client_container\">\n<div class=\"p-ia4_client p-ia4_client--sidebar-wide p-ia4_client--with-split-view-feature\">\n<div class=\"p-client_workspace_wrapper\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-label=\"JetBrains\">\n<div class=\"p-client_workspace\">\n<div class=\"p-client_workspace__layout\">\n<div class=\"p-client_workspace__tabpanel\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-label=\"DMs\">\n<div class=\"enabled-managed-focus-container\" role=\"none\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"p-view_contents p-view_contents--primary\" role=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Conversation with Teodor Irkhin\">\n<div class=\"tabbed_channel__Abx5r\">\n<div class=\"tabbed_channel__Abx5r\">\n<div class=\"channel_tab_panel__zJ5Bt c-tabs__tab_panel c-tabs__tab_panel--active c-tabs__tab_panel--full_height\" role=\"none\" data-qa=\"tabs_content_container\">\n<div class=\"p-file_drag_drop__container\">\n<div class=\"p-workspace__primary_view_body\">\n<div class=\"p-message_pane p-message_pane--classic-nav p-message_pane--scrollbar-float-adjustment p-message_pane--with-bookmarks-bar\" data-qa=\"message_pane\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"message-list\" role=\"presentation\">\n<div id=\"message-list\" class=\"c-virtual_list c-virtual_list--scrollbar c-message_list c-scrollbar c-scrollbar--fade\" role=\"presentation\">\n<div class=\"c-scrollbar__hider\" role=\"presentation\" data-qa=\"slack_kit_scrollbar\">\n<div class=\"c-scrollbar__child\" role=\"presentation\">\n<div class=\"c-virtual_list__scroll_container\" role=\"presentation\" data-qa=\"slack_kit_list\">\n<div id=\"message-list_1766072525.327379\" class=\"c-virtual_list__item\" role=\"listitem\" data-qa=\"virtual-list-item\" data-item-key=\"1766072525.327379\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__background c-message_kit__background--hovered p-message_pane_message__message c-message_kit__message\" role=\"presentation\" data-qa=\"message_container\" data-qa-unprocessed=\"false\" data-qa-placeholder=\"false\" data-msg-ts=\"1766072525.327379\" data-msg-channel-id=\"D072Y30UX54\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__hover c-message_kit__hover--hovered\" role=\"document\" data-qa-hover=\"true\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__actions c-message_kit__actions--above\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__gutter\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__gutter__right\" role=\"presentation\" data-qa=\"message_content\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__blocks c-message_kit__blocks--rich_text\">\n<div class=\"c-message__message_blocks c-message__message_blocks--rich_text\" data-qa=\"message-text\">\n<div class=\"p-block_kit_renderer\" data-qa=\"block-kit-renderer\">\n<div class=\"p-block_kit_renderer__block_wrapper p-block_kit_renderer__block_wrapper--first\">\n<div class=\"p-rich_text_block\" dir=\"auto\">\n<p>Thorben Janssen \u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u54a8\u8be2\u987e\u95ee\u517c\u57f9\u8bad\u5e08\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u56e2\u961f\u901a\u8fc7 JPA \u548c Hibernate \u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5c42\u3002\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u62e5\u6709 20 \u4f59\u5e74 JPA \u548c Hibernate \u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6f14\u8bb2\u8005\uff0c\u8457\u6709\u7545\u9500\u4e66 <i data-stringify-type=\"italic\">Hibernate Tips: More than 70 solutions to common Hibernate problems<\/i>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u8fd8\u5728 thorben-janssen.com \u4e0a\u64b0\u5199\u5173\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u5347\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u521b\u7acb\u4e86 Persistence Hub\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u535a\u6587\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"about-author \">\n        <div class=\"about-author__box\">\n            <div class=\"row\">\n                <div class=\"about-author__box-img\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/photo_2024-08-02-14.40.26.jpeg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" alt=\"Teodor Irkhin\" loading=\"lazy\"  class=\"avatar avatar-200 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-200 photo avatar-default\">\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"about-author__box-text\">\n                                            <h4>Teodor Irkhin<\/h4>\n                                                        <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1297,"featured_media":702766,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[4113,2347],"tags":[3007,21],"cross-post-tag":[6355],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/702765"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/idea"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1297"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=702765"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/702765\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":702778,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/702765\/revisions\/702778"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/702766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=702765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=702765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=702765"},{"taxonomy":"cross-post-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cross-post-tag?post=702765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}