{"id":703917,"date":"2026-04-30T04:54:59","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T03:54:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/?post_type=idea&#038;p=703917"},"modified":"2026-04-30T05:15:22","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T04:15:22","slug":"using-spring-data-jpa-with-kotlin","status":"publish","type":"idea","link":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/idea\/2026\/04\/using-spring-data-jpa-with-kotlin\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c06 Spring Data JPA \u4e0e Kotlin \u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>\u8fd9\u7bc7\u535a\u6587\u7531\u6211\u4e0e <a href=\"https:\/\/thorben-janssen.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thorben Janssen<\/a> \u5171\u540c\u64b0\u5199\uff0cThorben \u62e5\u6709 20 \u4f59\u5e74\u7684 JPA \u548c Hibernate \u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u201cHibernate Tips: More than 70 Solutions to Common Hibernate Problems\u201d\u548c JPA \u7b80\u62a5\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spring Data JPA \u57fa\u4e8e Jakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e3a Java \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u5f15\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1aSpring Data JPA \u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Kotlin \u9879\u76ee\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 Spring Data JPA \u4e0e Kotlin \u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u8fd8\u80fd\u5229\u7528 Kotlin \u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca null \u5b89\u5168\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u64cd\u4f5c\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u7b80\u4fbf\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u535a\u6587\u5c31\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 Spring Data JPA \u4e0e Kotlin \u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 IntelliJ \u4e2d\u7684\u201cNew Project\u201d\uff08\u65b0\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\uff09\u5411\u5bfc\u3002\u5728\u60a8\u9009\u62e9 Kotlin \u548c Spring Data JPA \u540e\uff0cIDE \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u57fa\u672c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c \u5305\u62ec\u914d\u7f6e Kotlin <a href=\"https:\/\/kotlinlang.org\/docs\/no-arg-plugin.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">no-arg<\/a> \u548c <a href=\"https:\/\/kotlinlang.org\/docs\/all-open-plugin.html#0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">all-open<\/a> \u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63d2\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684 Kotlin \u7c7b\u6ee1\u8db3 Jakarta Persistence \u5bf9\u975e final \u7c7b\u548c\u65e0\u5f62\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u60a8\u8fd8\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97 Spring \u5fc5\u9700\u7684 kotlin-reflect \u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1412\" height=\"1025\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image2-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-693635\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 Spring Boot Starter \u6a21\u5757\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u662f Spring Data JPA \u548c PostgreSQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1147\" height=\"1025\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image1-7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-693646\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5c06 Kotlin \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u73b0\u6709\u9879\u76ee<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e Java \u4e14\u5305\u542b\u6240\u9700\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684 Spring Boot \u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06 Kotlin \u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5176\u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u4ece\u7248\u672c 2026.1 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0cIntelliJ IDEA \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06 plugin.spring \u548c plugin.jpa \u63d2\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u914d\u7f6e all-open \u63d2\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 IDEA \u7248\u672c\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">plugins {\n   kotlin(\"plugin.spring\") version \"2.2.20\"\n   kotlin(\"plugin.jpa\") version \"2.2.20\"\n}\n\nallOpen {\n   annotation(\"jakarta.persistence.Entity\")\n   annotation(\"jakarta.persistence.MappedSuperclass\")\n   annotation(\"jakarta.persistence.Embeddable\")\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9a\u4e49\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728 application.properties \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u60a8\u504f\u597d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u672c\u5730 PostgreSQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u6fc0\u6d3b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684 Hibernate \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u6307\u793a Hibernate \u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u6267\u884c\u7684 SQL \u8bed\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5f62\u53c2\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u52a1\u5fc5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql:\/\/localhost:5432\/postgres\n\nspring.datasource.username=postgres\nspring.datasource.password=postgres\n\nlogging.level.root=INFO\nlogging.level.org.hibernate.SQL=DEBUG\nlogging.level.org.hibernate.orm.jdbc.bind=TRACE<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u4f53\u5efa\u6a21<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u7528 Kotlin \u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5efa\u6a21\u3002Jakarta Persistence \u89c4\u8303\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/idea\/2026\/01\/how-to-avoid-common-pitfalls-with-jpa-and-kotlin\/\">\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u901a\u7528\u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\u7684\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u4e2d\u6240\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408 Kotlin \u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u666e\u901a Kotlin \u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u60f3\u8981\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5229\u7528 Kotlin \u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u907f\u514d\u5728 API \u4e2d\u66b4\u9732\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u6280\u672f\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56e2\u961f\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u5176\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5b9e\u4f53\u8868\u793a\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 Kotlin \u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u5efa\u6a21\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u6362\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5411\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u7ec4\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u540e\u9762\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 Person \u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c \u5b83\u6620\u5c04\u4e86\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u59d3\u6c0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5176\u5c31\u804c\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u591a\u5bf9\u4e00\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PersonData \u7c7b\u8868\u793a\u76f8\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 API \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u7c7b\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u66b4\u9732\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5c42\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0cPerson \u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 2 \u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u9700\u6620\u5c04\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\nclass Person(\n    @Id\n    @GeneratedValue\n    var id: Long? = null,\n\n    var firstName: String? = null,\n\n    var lastName: String? = null,\n\n    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)\n    var company: Company? = null,\n\n    @Version\n    var version: Integer? = null\n) {\n    fun createPersonData(): PersonData {\n        return PersonData(\n            id = id!!,\n            firstName = firstName ?: \"\",\n            lastName = lastName ?: \"\",\n            version = version\n        )\n    }\n\n    companion object {\n        fun createPersonFromData(data: PersonData): Person {\n            return Person(\n                id = data.id,\n                firstName = data.firstName,\n                lastName = data.lastName,\n                version = data.version\n            )\n        }\n    }\n}\n\ndata class PersonData(\n    val id: Long,\n    val firstName: String,\n    val lastName: String,\n    val version: Int\n)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Company \u5b9e\u4f53\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Entity\nclass Company(\n    @Id\n    @GeneratedValue\n    var id: Long? = null,\n\n    var name: String = \"default\",\n\n    @Version\n    var version: Integer? = null\n)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u5efa\u6a21\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ed3\u5e93<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Spring Data JPA \u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u62bd\u8c61\u5728 Kotlin \u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5728 Java \u4e2d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u6269\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u63a5\u53e3\uff08\u5982 JpaRepository \u6216 CrudRepository\uff09\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cSpring Data \u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ed3\u5e93\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u952e\u83b7\u53d6\u5b9e\u4f53\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u65b0\u5b9e\u4f53\u4ee5\u53ca\u79fb\u9664\u73b0\u6709\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e0e Spring \u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u6216 API \u5c42\u4f7f\u7528 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marcobehler.com\/guides\/spring-transaction-management-transactional-in-depth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@Transactional \u6ce8\u89e3<\/a>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 PersonRepository \u5b9a\u4e49\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f JpaRepository \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u5217\u793a\u4f8b\u4e4b\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u6dfb\u52a0\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">interface PersonRepository : JpaRepository&lt;Person, Long> {}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7b80\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cIntelliJ IDEA \u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u60a8\u521b\u5efa\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\uff0cIDEA \u5c31\u4f1a\u5efa\u8bae\u521b\u5efa\u6b64\u4ed3\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1460\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/image-47.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-693607\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u4ed3\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u4fbf\u53ef\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u8fd9\u5728 Kotlin \u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u4fbf\u6377\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u501f\u52a9\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u7c7b\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u6301\u7b80\u77ed\u4e14\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Component\n@Transactional\nclass PersonController (\n   private val personRepository: PersonRepository) {\n   fun createNewPerson(person : Person): Person {\n       \/\/ add additional validations and\/or logic ...\n       return personRepository.save(person)\n   }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cSpring \u4f1a\u5728\u8fdb\u5165 createNewPerson \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u524d\u6ce8\u5165 PersonRepository \u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u8fde\u63a5\u6709\u6548\u4e8b\u52a1\u6216\u542f\u52a8\u65b0\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u65b0\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u540e\u63d0\u4ea4\u8be5\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002PersonRepository \u548c Jakarta Persistence \u5b9e\u73b0\u4f1a\u5171\u540c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u9700\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 Person \u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 SQL INSERT \u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">2025-11-16T16:02:53.988+01:00 DEBUG 10104 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main] org.hibernate.SQL                        : select next value for person_seq\n2025-11-16T16:02:54.012+01:00 DEBUG 10104 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main] org.hibernate.SQL                        : insert into person (company_id,first_name,last_name,version,id) values (?,?,?,?,?)\n2025-11-16T16:02:54.014+01:00 TRACE 10104 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main] org.hibernate.orm.jdbc.bind              : binding parameter (1:BIGINT) &amp;lt;- [null]\n2025-11-16T16:02:54.014+01:00 TRACE 10104 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main] org.hibernate.orm.jdbc.bind              : binding parameter (2:VARCHAR) &amp;lt;- [John]\n2025-11-16T16:02:54.014+01:00 TRACE 10104 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main] org.hibernate.orm.jdbc.bind              : binding parameter (3:VARCHAR) &amp;lt;- [Doe]\n2025-11-16T16:02:54.014+01:00 TRACE 10104 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main] org.hibernate.orm.jdbc.bind              : binding parameter (4:INTEGER) &amp;lt;- [0]\n2025-11-16T16:02:54.015+01:00 TRACE 10104 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main] org.hibernate.orm.jdbc.bind              : binding parameter (5:BIGINT) &amp;lt;- [2]<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5c06 Spring Data JPA \u4e0e Java \u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c \u4f7f\u7528 Kotlin \u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6b64\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u60a8\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u4eab\u53d7\u5230 Kotlin \u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u73b0\u6709\u5b9e\u4f53\u6cbf\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002updateLastName \u51fd\u6570\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u952e\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u6539 lastName \u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5373\u53ef\u3002Jakarta Persistence \u5b9e\u73b0\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21<a href=\"https:\/\/www.baeldung.com\/java-hibernate-entity-dirty-check\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u810f\u68c0\u67e5<\/a>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u5904\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Component\n@Transactional\nclass PersonController (\n   private val personRepository: PersonRepository) {\n   fun updateLastName(id : Long, lastName : String): Person {\n       var person = personRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow()\n       person.lastName = lastName\n       return person\n   }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60a8\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cKotlin \u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5e2e\u52a9\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6613\u8bfb\u6027\uff0cSpring \u5219\u4e3a\u60a8\u5904\u7406\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u8f7b\u677e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6dfb\u52a0\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u67e5\u8be2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86 Spring Data JPA \u4ed3\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6240\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u8be5\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5747\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Kotlin\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.spring.io\/spring-data\/jpa\/reference\/jpa\/query-methods.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6d3e\u751f\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\u3002Spring \u4f1a\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6d3e\u751f\u76f8\u5e94\u7684 JPQL \u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed1\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f62\u53c2\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67e5\u8be2\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e14\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5f62\u53c2\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u4ed3\u5e93\u6dfb\u52a0\u6d3e\u751f\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u5728 IDEA \u4e2d\u5f00\u59cb\u8f93\u5165\u6240\u9700\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u5c06\u5176\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5178\u578b\u793a\u4f8b\u3002findByLastName \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u83b7\u53d6 lastName \u7b49\u4e8e\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u503c\u7684\u6240\u6709 Person \u5b9e\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">interface PersonRepository : JpaRepository&lt;Person, Long> {\n   fun findByLastName(lastName: String): List&lt;Person>\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u6539\u4e3a\u5411\u4ed3\u5e93\u65b9\u6cd5\u6dfb\u52a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/thorben-janssen.com\/spring-data-jpa-query-annotation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@Query \u6ce8\u89e3<\/a>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u4fbf\u53ef\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/thorben-janssen.com\/jpql\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">JPQL \u67e5\u8be2<\/a>\uff0c\u5e76\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6 JPQL \u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u4e0e\u4e0a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c \u4f46\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f <code>@Query<\/code> \u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f Spring Data \u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u67e5\u8be2\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">interface PersonRepository : JpaRepository&lt;Person, Long> {\n   @Query(\"select p from Person p where p.lastName = :lastName\")\n   fun getByLastName(lastName: String): List&lt;Person>\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u60a8\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\uff0cSpring Data JPA \u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 Jakarta Persistence \u7684 EntityManager \u6765\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5f62\u53c2\u3001\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u53d7\u7ba1\u7406\u7684 Person \u5b9e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">2025-11-16T16:47:20.949+01:00 DEBUG 16193 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main] \norg.hibernate.SQL                        : select \np1_0.id,p1_0.company_id,p1_0.first_name,p1_0.last_name,p1_0.version from person p1_0 \nwhere p1_0.last_name=?\n2025-11-16T16:47:20.952+01:00 TRACE 16193 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main]\norg.hibernate.orm.jdbc.bind              : binding parameter (1:VARCHAR) &lt;- [Doe]<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u5b9e\u4f53\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6295\u5f71\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u7528\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ec5\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u53ea\u8bfb DTO \u6295\u5f71\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u3002Kotlin \u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/kotlinlang.org\/docs\/data-classes.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6570\u636e\u7c7b<\/a>\u662f\u4e3a\u6b64\u7c7b DTO \u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u7edd\u4f73\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u53ea\u60f3\u663e\u793a\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3001\u59d3\u6c0f\u53ca\u5176\u4efb\u804c\u516c\u53f8\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b <code>PersonWithCompany<\/code> \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">data class PersonWithCompany(\n    val firstName: String,\n    val lastName: String,\n    val company: String\n)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61 <code>List<\/code> \u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e3a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>@Query<\/code> \u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u542b\u5339\u914d\u540d\u79f0\u7684 3 \u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684 JPQL \u67e5\u8be2\uff0cSpring Data JPA \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u6bcf\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u6620\u5c04\u5230 <code>PersonWithCompany<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">interface PersonRepository : JpaRepository&lt;Person, Long> {\n   @Query(\"select p.firstName, p.lastName, c.name as company from Person p join p.company c\")\n   fun findPersonsWithCompany(): List&lt;PersonWithCompany>\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u65e2\u80fd\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4eab\u53d7 Kotlin \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u4ec5\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">2025-11-16T16:59:42.260+01:00 DEBUG 22541 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main]\norg.hibernate.SQL                        : select p1_0.first_name,p1_0.last_name,c1_0.name from \nperson p1_0 join company c1_0 on c1_0.id=p1_0.company_id\n2025-11-16T16:59:42.278+01:00  INFO 22541 --- [SDJWithKotlin] [           main] c.t.j.k.s.SDJWithKotlinApplicationTests  : PersonWithCompany(firstName=Jane,\nlastName=Doe, company=Mighty Business Corp)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c Spring Data JPA \u7684 <code>@Query<\/code> \u6ce8\u89e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u60a8\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ed3\u5e93\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8bf7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec5\u5b9a\u4e49\u60a8\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8ba9\u60a8\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u6269\u5c55\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c \u8fd9\u79f0\u4e3a\u7247\u6bb5\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>PersonFragmentRepository<\/code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86 searchPerson \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a5\u6536 <code>PersonSearchInput<\/code> \u5f62\u53c2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">interface PersonFragmentRepository {\n   fun searchPerson(searchBy : PersonSearchInput): List&lt;Person?>?\n}\n\ndata class PersonSearchInput(\n   val firstName : String?,\n   val lastName : String?,\n   val worksForCompany : String?\n) {}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0 <code>PersonFragmentRepository<\/code>\u3002\u60a8\u7684\u7c7b\u540d\u79f0\u5e94\u4e3a\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u79f0\u52a0\u4e0a <code>Impl<\/code> \u540e\u7f00\u3002Spring Data \u968f\u540e\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u6b64\u7c7b\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5bf9 searchPerson \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u59d4\u6258\u7ed9\u60a8\u7684\u7c7b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b searchPerson \u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5 PersonSearchInput \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u5df2\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u67e5\u8be2\u7684 WHERE \u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u641c\u7d22\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">override fun searchPerson(searchBy: PersonSearchInput): List&lt;Person?>? {\n    val cBuilder = em.criteriaBuilder\n    val cQuery = cBuilder.createQuery(Person::class.java)\n    val person = cQuery.from(Person::class.java)\n    val wherePredicates = mutableListOf&lt;Predicate>()\n\n    searchBy.firstName?.let {\n        wherePredicates.add(cBuilder.equal(person.get&lt;String>(\"firstName\"), searchBy.firstName))\n    }\n    searchBy.lastName?.let {\n        wherePredicates.add(cBuilder.equal(person.get&lt;String>(\"lastName\"), searchBy.lastName))\n    }\n    searchBy.worksForCompany?.let {\n        val company = person.join&lt;Person, Company>(\"company\")\n        wherePredicates.add(cBuilder.equal(company.get&lt;String>(\"name\"), searchBy.worksForCompany))\n    }\n\n    cQuery.where(*wherePredicates.toTypedArray())\n    return em.createQuery(cQuery).resultList\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0csearchPerson \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528 Jakarta Persistence \u7684 Criteria API\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b PersonSearchInput \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b83\u5148\u83b7\u53d6 <code>CriteriaBuilder<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u8fd4\u56de <code>Person<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 <code>CriteriaQuery<\/code>\uff0c \u968f\u540e\u5b9a\u4e49 <code>FROM<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa <code>List of Predicates<\/code>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code>PersonSearchInput<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u975e null \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f1a\u5411 <code>wherePredicates List<\/code> \u6dfb\u52a0\u7b49\u503c\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e Kotlin \u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c null \u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e9b <code>Predicates<\/code> \u7b80\u5355\u6613\u884c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5bf9\u516c\u53f8\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u5904\u7406\u9700\u8981\u7a0d\u52a0\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u5df2\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bf9 <code>Company<\/code> \u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b49\u503c\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>wherePredicates<\/code> <code>List<\/code> \u6765\u5b9a\u4e49 <code>WHERE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u3001\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0 <code>PersonFragmentRepository<\/code> \u540e\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u524d\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u7684 <code>PersonRepository<\/code>\u3002\u5b83\u73b0\u5728\u4f1a\u6269\u5c55 Spring Data JPA \u7684 JpaRepository \u548c <code>PersonFragmentRepository<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"kotlin\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">interface PersonRepository : JpaRepository&lt;Person, Long>, PersonFragmentRepository {\n    fun findByLastName(lastName: String): List&lt;Person>\n\n    @Query(\"select p from Person p where p.lastName = :lastName\")\n    fun getByLastName(lastName: String): List&lt;Person>\n\n    @Query(\"select p.firstName, p.lastName, c.name as company from Person p join p.company c\")\n    fun findPersonsWithCompany(): List&lt;PersonWithCompany>\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u60a8\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64 <code>PersonRepository<\/code> \u65f6\uff0cSpring Data JPA \u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7531 <code>JpaRepository<\/code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u4f1a\u751f\u6210 3 \u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5bf9 <code>searchPerson<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u4f1a\u88ab\u59d4\u6258\u7ed9\u60a8\u7684 <code>PersonFragmentRepositoryImpl<\/code> \u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u603b\u7ed3&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b63\u5982\u60a8\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0cKotlin \u4e0e Spring Data JPA \u914d\u5408\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5728 Java \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4e00\u6837\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002Kotlin \u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6613\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u6613\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u65e0\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u4efb\u4f55\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9075\u5faa\u65e2\u6709\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/idea\/2026\/01\/how-to-avoid-common-pitfalls-with-jpa-and-kotlin\/\">\u9488\u5bf9 Kotlin \u7684 Jakarta Persistence \u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5<\/a>\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3 Kotlin \u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/idea\/2026\/01\/how-to-avoid-common-pitfalls-with-jpa-and-kotlin\/\">\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528 JPA \u548c Kotlin \u65f6\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/idea\/2026\/04\/using-spring-data-jdbc-with-kotlin\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/idea\/2026\/04\/using-spring-data-jdbc-with-kotlin\/\">\u5c06 Spring Data JDBC \u4e0e Kotlin \u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"about-author \">\n<div class=\"about-author__box\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thorben-Janssen-400x400-1.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/figure><div class=\"about-author__box-img\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"about-author__box-text\">\n<h4>Thorben Janssen<\/h4>\n<div class=\"p-client_container\">\n<div class=\"p-ia4_client_container\">\n<div class=\"p-ia4_client p-ia4_client--sidebar-wide p-ia4_client--with-split-view-feature\">\n<div class=\"p-client_workspace_wrapper\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-label=\"JetBrains\">\n<div class=\"p-client_workspace\">\n<div class=\"p-client_workspace__layout\">\n<div class=\"p-client_workspace__tabpanel\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-label=\"DMs\">\n<div class=\"enabled-managed-focus-container\" role=\"none\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"p-view_contents p-view_contents--primary\" role=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Conversation with Teodor Irkhin\">\n<div class=\"tabbed_channel__Abx5r\">\n<div class=\"tabbed_channel__Abx5r\">\n<div class=\"channel_tab_panel__zJ5Bt c-tabs__tab_panel c-tabs__tab_panel--active c-tabs__tab_panel--full_height\" role=\"none\" data-qa=\"tabs_content_container\">\n<div class=\"p-file_drag_drop__container\">\n<div class=\"p-workspace__primary_view_body\">\n<div class=\"p-message_pane p-message_pane--classic-nav p-message_pane--scrollbar-float-adjustment p-message_pane--with-bookmarks-bar\" data-qa=\"message_pane\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"message-list\" role=\"presentation\">\n<div id=\"message-list\" class=\"c-virtual_list c-virtual_list--scrollbar c-message_list c-scrollbar c-scrollbar--fade\" role=\"presentation\">\n<div class=\"c-scrollbar__hider\" role=\"presentation\" data-qa=\"slack_kit_scrollbar\">\n<div class=\"c-scrollbar__child\" role=\"presentation\">\n<div class=\"c-virtual_list__scroll_container\" role=\"presentation\" data-qa=\"slack_kit_list\">\n<div id=\"message-list_1766072525.327379\" class=\"c-virtual_list__item\" role=\"listitem\" data-qa=\"virtual-list-item\" data-item-key=\"1766072525.327379\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__background c-message_kit__background--hovered p-message_pane_message__message c-message_kit__message\" role=\"presentation\" data-qa=\"message_container\" data-qa-unprocessed=\"false\" data-qa-placeholder=\"false\" data-msg-ts=\"1766072525.327379\" data-msg-channel-id=\"D072Y30UX54\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__hover c-message_kit__hover--hovered\" role=\"document\" data-qa-hover=\"true\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__actions c-message_kit__actions--above\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__gutter\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__gutter__right\" role=\"presentation\" data-qa=\"message_content\">\n<div class=\"c-message_kit__blocks c-message_kit__blocks--rich_text\">\n<div class=\"c-message__message_blocks c-message__message_blocks--rich_text\" data-qa=\"message-text\">\n<div class=\"p-block_kit_renderer\" data-qa=\"block-kit-renderer\">\n<div class=\"p-block_kit_renderer__block_wrapper p-block_kit_renderer__block_wrapper--first\">\n<div class=\"p-rich_text_block\" dir=\"auto\">\n<p>Thorben Janssen \u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u54a8\u8be2\u987e\u95ee\u517c\u57f9\u8bad\u5e08\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u56e2\u961f\u901a\u8fc7 JPA \u548c Hibernate \u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5c42\u3002\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u62e5\u6709 20 \u4f59\u5e74 JPA \u548c Hibernate \u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6f14\u8bb2\u8005\uff0c\u8457\u6709\u7545\u9500\u4e66 <i data-stringify-type=\"italic\">Hibernate Tips: More than 70 solutions to common Hibernate problems<\/i>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u8fd8\u5728 thorben-janssen.com \u4e0a\u64b0\u5199\u5173\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u5347\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u521b\u7acb\u4e86 Persistence Hub\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1297,"featured_media":704380,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[4113],"tags":[3007,21,792],"cross-post-tag":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/703917"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/idea"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1297"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=703917"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/703917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":704395,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/idea\/703917\/revisions\/704395"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/704380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=703917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=703917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=703917"},{"taxonomy":"cross-post-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cross-post-tag?post=703917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}