{"id":457786,"date":"2024-03-19T09:43:32","date_gmt":"2024-03-19T08:43:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/?post_type=rust&#038;p=457786"},"modified":"2024-03-20T08:56:28","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T07:56:28","slug":"how-to-write-your-first-rust-web-app-with-rocket-and-rustrover","status":"publish","type":"rust","link":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/rust\/2024\/03\/19\/how-to-write-your-first-rust-web-app-with-rocket-and-rustrover\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Rocket \u548c RustRover \u7f16\u5199\u60a8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Rust Web \u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u50cf\u6211\u4e00\u6837\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528 Rust\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u53ef\u80fd\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 \u9762\u5bf9\u5f15\u8d77\u70ed\u8bae\u7684 Rust \u65b0\u6280\u672f\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u611f\u89c9\u65e0\u4ece\u4e0b\u624b\u3002 \u522b\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c \u6211\u4eec\u7279\u522b\u4e3a\u60a8\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u6559\u7a0b\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u535a\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 Rocket \u5e93\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728 Rust \u540e\u7aef\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7b80\u5355 HTML Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6211\u4eec\u4e13\u4e3a Rust \u793e\u533a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6700\u65b0 IDE <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com.cn\/rust\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RustRover<\/a>\u3002 \u60a8\u4e5f\u9700\u8981<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com.cm\/help\/rust\/rust-toolchain.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4f7f\u7528 RustRover<\/a> \u6216<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rust-lang.org\/learn\/get-started\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u793e\u533a\u5165\u95e8\u6307\u5357<\/a>\u5b89\u88c5 Rust\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6258\u7ba1\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7aef\u70b9\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6a21\u677f\u6e32\u67d3\u3001\u95ea\u73b0\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u6784\u5efa\u793a\u4f8b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Rocket\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/rocket.rs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rocket \u662f\u4e3a Rust \u6784\u5efa\u7684 Web \u6846\u67b6<\/a>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7f16\u5199\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684 Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\u3002 \u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3 Web \u6846\u67b6\u4e00\u6837\uff0cRocket \u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u552f\u4e00\u8def\u5f84\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\u8868\u8fbe\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6784\u5efa\u7406\u5ff5\u3002 Rocket \u5bf9\u8def\u7531\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u5668\u3001Cookie\u3001Web \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbf\u95ee\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u9f50\u5168\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5b8f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f7f Rust \u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9 Rocket \u6709\u4e86\u5927\u4f53\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u65b0\u5efa Rocket \u9879\u76ee<\/h2>\n<p>\u542f\u52a8 RustRover \u540e\uff0c\u4ece <strong>New Project<\/strong>\uff08\u65b0\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\uff09\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6211\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u79f0\u4e3a <code>rocketapp<\/code>\u3002 \u9009\u62e9 <strong>Binary (application)<\/strong> \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u70b9\u51fb <strong>Create<\/strong>\uff08\u521b\u5efa\uff09\u6309\u94ae\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-446575\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-75.png\" alt=\"RustRover \u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u65b0\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 New Project\uff08\u65b0\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\uff09\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846\u3002\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1300\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002 \u5728 <code>Cargo.toml<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>rocket<\/code> \u548c <code>rocket_dyn_templates<\/code> \u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002 <strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u65f6\uff0cRustRover \u8fd8\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0 crate\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7528<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[package]\nname = \"rocketapp\"\nversion = \"0.1.0\"\nedition = \"2021\"\n\n[dependencies]\nrocket = \"0.5.0\"\nrocket_dyn_templates = { version = \"0.1.0\", features = [\"handlebars\", \"tera\"] }<\/pre>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5728 <code>main.rs<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7c98\u8d34\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5 <code>String<\/code> \u503c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u65b0\u7aef\u70b9\u3002 \u8bb0\u4e0b <code>#[get(\u201c\/\u201d)]<\/code> \u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\u7684\u989d\u5916\u5143\u6570\u636e\u544a\u8bc9 Rust \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u65b0\u7aef\u70b9\u54cd\u5e94 <code>\/<\/code> \u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7684\u7528\u6237 HTTP <code>GET<\/code> \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"rust\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">use rocket::{get, launch, routes};\n\n#[launch]\nfn rocket() -&gt; _ {\n    rocket::build()\n        .mount(\"\/\", routes![root])\n}\n\n#[get(\"\/\")]\nasync fn root() -&gt; String {\n    \"Hello, World\".to_string()\n}\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u5f53\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528 <strong>Run Toolbar<\/strong>\uff08\u8fd0\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u680f\uff09\u542f\u52a8 Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b0\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-446564\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-74.png\" alt=\"\u5728 RustRover \u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c Rocket \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1143\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u606d\u559c\uff01 \u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Rust \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002 \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fee\u6539\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u6258\u7ba1\u3001\u6a21\u677f\u6e32\u67d3\uff0c\u5e76\u7ec3\u4e60\u4e00\u4e9b\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5347\u7ea7 Rocket \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h2>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5411\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6839\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<code>templates<\/code> \u548c <code>public<\/code>\u3002 <code>templates<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u5c06\u4fdd\u5b58\u89c6\u56fe\u6a21\u677f\uff0c<code>public<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u5c06\u4fdd\u5b58\u9759\u6001\u5de5\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 CSS\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u6216 JavaScript \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5c06 <a href=\"https:\/\/picocss.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pico CSS \u5e93<\/a>\u590d\u5236\u5230 <code>css<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6837\u5f0f\uff0c\u7a0d\u540e\u6211\u5c06\u5728 HTML \u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-446586\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-76.png\" alt=\"RustRover \u4e2d\u6211\u7684 rocketapp \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u89c6\u56fe\" width=\"852\" height=\"798\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6e32\u67d3\u65b0\u7684 <strong>Handlebars<\/strong> \u6a21\u677f\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b HTML \u5c06\u65b0\u7684 <code>root.html.hbs<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 <code>templates<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"html\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">&lt;html lang=\"\">\n&lt;head>\n    &lt;meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n    &lt;meta name=\"viewport\"\n          content=\"width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0\">\n    &lt;meta http-equiv=\"X-UA-Compatible\" content=\"ie=edge\">\n    &lt;link href=\"\/public\/css\/pico.min.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n    &lt;title>Hello Rust&lt;\/title>\n&lt;\/head>\n&lt;body>\n&lt;main class=\"container\">\n    &lt;h1>{{message}}&lt;\/h1>\n&lt;\/main>\n&lt;\/body>\n&lt;\/html>\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5 <a href=\"https:\/\/plugins.jetbrains.com\/plugin\/6884-handlebars-mustache\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">JetBrains Marketplace \u4e2d\u7684 Handlebars \u63d2\u4ef6<\/a>\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u6cd5\u66f4\u6613\u7528\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u4fee\u6539 <code>main.rs<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6ce8\u518c\u6a21\u677f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u5c06\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"rust\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">use rocket::{get, launch, routes};\nuse rocket::fs::{FileServer, Options, relative};\nuse rocket_dyn_templates::{context, Template};\n\n#[launch]\nfn rocket() -&gt; _ {\n    rocket::build()\n        \/\/ add templating system\n        .attach(Template::fairing())\n        \/\/ serve content from disk\n        .mount(\"\/public\", FileServer::new(relative!(\"\/public\"), Options::Missing | Options::NormalizeDirs))\n        \/\/ register routes\n        .mount(\"\/\", routes![root])\n}\n\n#[get(\"\/\")]\nasync fn root() -&gt; Template {\n    Template::render(\"root\", context! { message: \"Hello, Rust\"})\n}\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e0d\u9519\u3002 \u6ce8\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f <code>#<\/code> \u548c <code>!<\/code>\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u79f0\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/doc.rust-lang.org\/book\/ch19-06-macros.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5b8f<\/a>\uff0c\u662f Rust \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u5b8f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5411 Rust \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63d0\u793a\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u54ea\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 \u867d\u7136\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u53ef\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46 Rust \u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6d6a\u8d39\u7684 CPU \u5468\u671f\u548c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\u7406 HTML \u8868\u5355\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rocket \u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>Rust \u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5185\u5b58\u7ed3\u6784\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7ed3\u6784\u89c6\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u662f\u901f\u5ea6\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002 Rocket \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 <code>struct<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u6765\u81ea HTML \u7684\u8868\u5355\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002 \u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 <code>src<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u65b0 <code>models.rs<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"rust\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">use rocket::{FromForm};\n\n#[derive(FromForm, Debug)]\npub struct Person {\n    #[field(validate=len(1..))]\n    pub(crate) first_name: String,\n    #[field(validate=len(1..))]\n    pub(crate) last_name: String,\n}\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u51e0\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 <code>field<\/code> \u5b8f\u548c <code>derive<\/code> \u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c<code>FromForm<\/code> \u548c <code>Debug<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5173\u952e\u5b57 <code>pub<\/code> \u8868\u793a <code>struct<\/code> \u53ca\u5176\u5b57\u6bb5\u53ef\u516c\u5f00\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u5bf9\u957f\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e Rocket \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff1b\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u65b0 <code>root<\/code> \u6a21\u677f\u5904\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64 <code>Person<\/code> \u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"html\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">&lt;!doctype html>\n&lt;html lang=\"en\">\n&lt;head>\n    &lt;meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n    &lt;meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\">\n    &lt;meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\"\/>\n    &lt;link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"\/public\/css\/pico.min.css\">\n    &lt;title>Hello world!&lt;\/title>\n&lt;\/head>\n&lt;body>\n&lt;main class=\"container\">\n    &lt;h1>Hello Rust!&lt;\/h1>\n\n    {{#if errors }}\n        &lt;article>\n            &lt;header>&#x1f97a;Oh No!&lt;\/header>\n            &lt;p>There are some invalid fields in the form&lt;\/p>\n            &lt;ul>\n                {{#each errors}}\n                    &lt;li>{{this}}&lt;\/li>\n                {{\/each}}\n            &lt;\/ul>\n        &lt;\/article>\n    {{\/if}}\n\n    &lt;form method=\"POST\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\" action=\"\/\">\n        &lt;input type=\"text\"\n               name=\"first_name\"\n               placeholder=\"First Name\"\n               aria-label=\"First Name\"\n               value=\"{{ first_name }}\"\n               aria-invalid=\"{{ first_name_error}}\"\n        \/>\n\n        &lt;input type=\"text\" name=\"last_name\"\n               placeholder=\"Last Name\"\n               aria-label=\"Last Name\"\n               value=\"{{ last_name }}\"\n               aria-invalid=\"{{ last_name_error}}\"\n        \/>\n        \n        &lt;button type=\"submit\">Say Hello&lt;\/button>\n    &lt;\/form>\n&lt;\/main>\n&lt;\/body>\n&lt;\/html>\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b Handlebars \u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7aef\u70b9\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd4\u56de Rust \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6210\u529f\u9875\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u677f\u3002 \u6211\u5728 <code>templates<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3a <code>hello.html.hbs<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"html\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">&lt;!doctype html>\n&lt;html lang=\"en\">\n&lt;head>\n    &lt;meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n    &lt;meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\">\n    &lt;meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\" \/>\n    &lt;link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"\/public\/css\/pico.min.css\">\n    &lt;title>Hello {{ name }}!&lt;\/title>\n&lt;\/head>\n&lt;body>\n&lt;main class=\"container\">\n    &lt;dialog open>\n        &lt;article>\n            &lt;header>\n                &lt;a href=\"\/\" aria-label=\"Close\" rel=\"prev\">&lt;\/a>\n                &lt;p>\n                    &lt;strong>&#x1f5d3;&#xfe0f; {{ message }}!&lt;\/strong>\n                &lt;\/p>\n            &lt;\/header>\n            &lt;p>\n                Hello {{ name }}\n            &lt;\/p>\n        &lt;\/article>\n    &lt;\/dialog>\n&lt;\/main>\n&lt;\/body>\n&lt;\/html>\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u4e24\u4e2a\u7aef\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u8868\u5355\u6709\u6548\u65f6\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u201c\u7b80\u5355\u201d\u7684\u6210\u529f\u9875\u9762\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"rust\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#[get(\"\/hi?&lt;name>\")]\nasync fn hello(name: String, flash: Option&lt;FlashMessage&gt;) -&gt; Template {\n    let message = flash.map_or_else(|| String::default(), |msg| msg.message().to_string());\n    Template::render(\"hello\", context! { name , message })\n}\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u63a5\u6536 <code>FlashMessage<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u70b9\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 Cookie \u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6 <code>name<\/code> \u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u662f Rocket \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 Web \u6846\u67b6\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 <code>FlashMessage<\/code> \u6216\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f20\u9012\u6240\u6709\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6700\u590d\u6742\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373 <code>POST<\/code> \u7aef\u70b9\u3002 \u5728\u67e5\u770b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e0b\u671f\u671b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f53\u54cd\u5e94<em>\u6709\u6548<\/em>\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u8def\u5f84 <code>\/hi?name=<\/code> \u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e <code>FlashMessage<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u54cd\u5e94<em>\u65e0\u6548<\/em>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6e32\u67d3 <code>root<\/code> \u6a21\u677f\u5e76\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u503c\u4ee5\u5411\u7528\u6237\u663e\u793a\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"rust\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#[post(\"\/\", data = \"&lt;form>\")]\nasync fn create(form: Form&lt;Contextual&gt;) -&gt; Result&lt;Flash, Template&gt; {\n    if let Some(ref person) = form.value {\n        let name = format!(\"{} {}\", person.first_name, person.last_name);\n        let message = Flash::success(Redirect::to(uri!(hello(name))), \"It Worked\");\n        return Ok(message);\n    }\n\n    let error_messages: Vec = form.context.errors().map(|error| {\n        let name = error.name.as_ref().unwrap().to_string();\n        let description = error.to_string();\n        format!(\"'{}' {}\", name, description)\n    }).collect();\n\n    Err(Template::render(\"root\", context! {\n        first_name : form.context.field_value(\"first_name\"),\n        last_name : form.context.field_value(\"last_name\"),\n        first_name_error : form.context.field_errors(\"first_name\").count() &gt; 0,\n        last_name_error : form.context.field_errors(\"last_name\").count() &gt; 0,\n        errors: error_messages\n    }))\n}\n<\/pre>\n<p>Rocket \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b Rust \u7684 <code>Result<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002 <code>Result<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 \u5728\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u548c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5206\u652f\u903b\u8f91\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u7406 Rocket \u7684 <code>Form&lt;Contextual&gt;<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Rust \u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5904\u7406 <code>Some<\/code> \u548c <code>Err<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6216\u6e32\u67d3\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 Rust \u5c06\u8ba9\u4e00\u5207\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0 <code>main.rs<\/code> \u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u65b0\u7aef\u70b9\u5e76\u4ece <code>model.rs<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165 <code>Person<\/code> \u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53e6\u5916\uff0cRustRover \u975e\u5e38\u64c5\u957f\u67e5\u627e\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u66f4\u65b0 <code>use<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u3002 <\/strong>RustRover \u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"rust\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">mod models;\n\nuse rocket::{get, launch, post, routes, uri};\nuse rocket::form::{Contextual, Form};\nuse rocket::fs::{FileServer, Options, relative};\nuse rocket::request::FlashMessage;\nuse rocket::response::{Flash, Redirect};\nuse rocket_dyn_templates::{context, Template};\nuse crate::models::Person;\n\n#[launch]\nfn rocket() -&gt; _ {\n    rocket::build()\n        \/\/ add templating system\n        .attach(Template::fairing())\n        \/\/ serve content from disk\n        .mount(\"\/public\", FileServer::new(relative!(\"\/public\"), Options::Missing | Options::NormalizeDirs))\n        \/\/ register routes\n        .mount(\"\/\", routes![root, create, hello])\n}\n\n#[get(\"\/\")]\nasync fn root() -&gt; Template {\n    Template::render(\"root\", context! { message: \"Hello, Rust\"})\n}\n\n#[post(\"\/\", data = \"&lt;form>\")]\nasync fn create(form: Form&lt;Contextual&gt;) -&gt; Result&lt;Flash, Template&gt; {\n    if let Some(ref person) = form.value {\n        let name = format!(\"{} {}\", person.first_name, person.last_name);\n        let message = Flash::success(Redirect::to(uri!(hello(name))), \"It Worked\");\n        return Ok(message);\n    }\n\n    let error_messages: Vec = form.context.errors().map(|error| {\n        let name = error.name.as_ref().unwrap().to_string();\n        let description = error.to_string();\n        format!(\"'{}' {}\", name, description)\n    }).collect();\n\n    Err(Template::render(\"root\", context! {\n        first_name : form.context.field_value(\"first_name\"),\n        last_name : form.context.field_value(\"last_name\"),\n        first_name_error : form.context.field_errors(\"first_name\").count() &gt; 0,\n        last_name_error : form.context.field_errors(\"last_name\").count() &gt; 0,\n        errors: error_messages\n    }))\n}\n\n#[get(\"\/hi?&lt;name>\")]\nasync fn hello(name: String, flash: Option&lt;FlashMessage&gt;) -&gt; Template {\n    let message = flash.map_or_else(|| String::default(), |msg| msg.message().to_string());\n    Template::render(\"hello\", context! { name , message })\n}\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8868\u5355\u5e76\u4e14\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-446597\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-77.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u663e\u793a\u5305\u542b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u59d3\u6c0f\u8868\u5355\u7684 Rocket \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\" width=\"1174\" height=\"1054\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4ea4\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u59d3\u6c0f\uff0c\u8ba9\u5e94\u7528\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6210\u529f\u9875\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-78.png\" alt=\"An HTML dialog showing \" width=\"1120\" height=\"596\" \/><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n<p>\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u50cf Rust \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b89\u5168\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u4e3a\u5bf9 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u638c\u63e1\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u540e\uff0cRust \u5f00\u53d1\u4f53\u9a8c\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u5feb\u901f\u800c\u76f4\u89c2\u3002 \u8bed\u6cd5\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u53ef\u80fd\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u96be\uff0c\u4f46 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com\/rust\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RustRover<\/a> \u5728\u5448\u73b0 Rocket \u6587\u6863\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u501f\u52a9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com\/ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">JetBrains AI Assistant<\/a>\uff0c\u6211\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5236\u4f5c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6f14\u793a\u6240\u9700\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u3002 \u6211\u8fd8\u8981\u611f\u8c22 Mastodon \u4e0a Rust \u793e\u533a\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/khalidabuhakmeh\/rocketapp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u5b83\u53d1\u5e03\u4e3a GitHub \u4ed3\u5e93<\/a>\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u5f88\u60f3\u542c\u542c\u60a8\u5728\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Rust\u3001Rocket\u3001RustRover \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u4e8e Rust \u7684 Web \u6846\u67b6\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u535a\u6587\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"about-author \">\n        <div class=\"about-author__box\">\n            <div class=\"row\">\n                <div class=\"about-author__box-img\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=200&#038;r=g\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"  class=\"avatar avatar-200 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-200 photo avatar-default\">\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"about-author__box-text\">\n                                                        <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1297,"featured_media":449673,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[],"tags":[530,8430,416],"cross-post-tag":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rust\/457786"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rust"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rust"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1297"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=457786"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rust\/457786\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":458619,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rust\/457786\/revisions\/458619"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/449673"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=457786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=457786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=457786"},{"taxonomy":"cross-post-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cross-post-tag?post=457786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}